Battle Royal Ralph Ellison Analysis Essay

Fight Royal Ralph Ellison Analysis Essay Rope-a-simpleton is an unsafe boxing methodology originally presented by Muhammad Ali against George Foreman in the Heavyweight Championship coordinate hung on October 30, 1974, in Kinsasha, Zaire. The match is most popular as the Rumble in the Jungle as a result of the red hot activity among the two extraordinary heavyweight contenders of that time. As told on his official site www.ali.com, Ali was the better specialized contender while Foreman the bruiser stuffed an enduring harder punch. During the first round of the session, Ali scored a few specialized hits yet Foreman remained resolute. All through the following three rounds, Ali changed his technique, much of the time lying against the ropes, permitting a decided Foreman to debilitate himself by tossing rehashed insufficient punches to Alis defensive arms. Confounding the analysts and the appointed authorities, Ali laid on Foreman over and again constraining him to hold up his weight while proceeding to push pin-point blows. B y cycle five, Foreman was depleted while Ali had accepted each open door to land a few decision hits to Foremans face and head when the large warrior let his gatekeeper down. At last, in the eighth round, Foremans punches were excessively vain and Ali took him out. Twenty-two years before the utilization of this technique by Ali, Ralph Ellison aced a comparative artistic rendition. Ellisons imperial battle is clear when in The Battle Royal the storyteller says, It took me quite a while and much boomeranging of my desires to accomplish an acknowledgment every other person seems to have been brought into the world with: That I am no one however myself. However, first I needed to find that I am an undetectable man (1)! Here, he shares his conviction that African Americans need to fight for an equivalent playing field when Caucasians are conceived in an equivalent field. In the event that we clean up the originations of his article Battle Royal and start to look at the references with an eye to the subtext, a generally unrecognized spot for the exposition rises inside an increasingly sociological and realist perusing of the African American situation in the post Emancipation Proclamation time. Christopher Butler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994) states that 1914 was the start of The Modernist Period in writing where most of broadly distributed works originated from a select gathering of dominatingly white male authors. Besides, Allain Lockes The New Negro chronicled the how and why a renaissance of dark craftsmanship was building up itself in Harlem. So, the 1920s and 1930s were phenomenal years in American culture. Two men key in making ready for the advancement for dark journalists during the Harlem Renaissance were Langston Hughes and Richard Wright. The book Ralph Ellison: A Biography by Arnold Rampersad depicts how Ellison needed to be Renaissance Man at an early age which discloses his transition to Harlem after leaving Tuskegee Institute without a degree. His objective was to turn into an extraordinary performer. After a few unspecialized temp jobs, he met Richard Wright who saw Ellisons composing ability. Robert G. OMeally expresses that the two creators (Hughes and Wright) urged Ellison to seek after a profession in fiction, and it would be in this medium that Ellisons abilities would arrive at realization. In Battle Royal, Ellison gives us how significant his own life and the setting of the time had been in making a work of fiction that talks not exclusively to African Americans feeling of pride however to the human condition and wanted fairness everything being equal. Ralph Ellison composed Battle Royal during a period of concentrated American social turmoil. The primary character in paper Battle Royal is an informed understudy who has as of late graduated and is to convey a discourse before a horde of conspicuous white men They were all there-investors, attorneys, judges, specialists, fire boss, educators, shippers. Indeed, even one of the more stylish ministers (6). The range spoke to by the white men is an image that each occupation of ensuring and serving our general public presents a fight for African Americans. Ellison additionally uncovers to the peruser how the white men depict the dark guys as a methods for fierce amusement. This is an out of control situation fight that incl udes ten soldiers fixed in resolve strife with the end goal of monetary profit. Along these lines, the blacks are going after the cash of the whites who wont offer any of the common freedoms that an equivalent race merits. Putting the storyteller in the battle permits him to be generalized and disregarded which includes a first individual record of this story. The storytellers relentless determination to convey his discourse is the focal topic of the article. The sub-literary accentuation of the dark keeps an eye on modesty clarifies why Ellison firmly followed the strides of Washington for a period. Ellison even makes an immediate reference to Booker T. Washington and the title of his novel Invisible Man in the story when, after he focuses on the significance of the storytellers discourse, he writes In those pre-imperceptible days I imagined myself as a potential Booker T Washington (5). Modesty and the significance of social obligation are the two goals in spite of the double idea of the granddads revile. Notwithstanding, the storytellers dream including his granddad demonstrates that the genuine worth of the revile has nothing to do with its words. Truth be told, concerning the estimation of keep up the great battle (3) as said by the withering granddad, the storyteller in the last line of the article First I needed to complete school.) (107) Social clash and change in light of the disappointment of the African American had become ordinary particularly, during the late nineteenth and mid twentieth century. Corrupting titles increased widespread acknowledgment, for example, kid, nigger, coon, and Negro before the social equality development. The Black people group essentially had two significant activists held influence over them during this period, and both had verbalized differentiating authoritative opinions for the achievement and social advancement of the dark race in America when whites kept on commanding and isolate the African Americans through obsolete granddad provisions and lawful boundaries as expressed by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. The two thoughts were that blacks could either prevail by acknowledgment of their social station and be seen as agreeable with the white society, or battle their abuse through activism. Dudley Randalls sonnet: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois It appears to me, said Booker T., It shows a relentless part of cheek To examine science and Greek At the point when Mister Charlie needs a hand To digger the cotton on his property, Also, when Miss Ann searches for a cook, Why stick your nose inside a book? I dont concur, said W.E.B. In the event that I ought to have the drive to look for Information on science or Greek, Sick do it. Charles and Miss can look Somewhere else for hand or cook, A few men celebrate in aptitude of hand, What's more, some in developing area, Be that as it may, there are other people who keep up The option to develop the cerebrum. It appears to me, said Booker T., That all you parents have missed the pontoon Who yell about the option to cast a ballot, What's more, spend vain days and restless evenings In turmoil over social equality. Simply keep your mouths shut, don't grouse, Be that as it may, work, and spare, and purchase a house. I dont concur, said W.E.B. For what would property be able to profit In the event that poise and equity fizzle? Except if you help to make the laws, Theyll take your home with exaggerated proviso. A ropes as close, a fire as hot, Regardless of how much money youve got. Talk delicate, and attempt your little arrangement, However, with respect to me, Ill take care of business. It appears to me, said Booker T. I dont concur, Said W.E.B. This sonnet precisely portrays the complexity in approaches of the two men to the progression of individuals of color after reproduction. Quick sending to 2011, in the event that we clean up the originations of this article I am composing and start to look at the references with an eye to the subtext, a to a great extent unrecognized spot rises inside a progressively sociological and realist perusing of the current African American situation. Without precedent for the celebrated and two-faced history of The United States of America, we have an African American President. The grass-roots money related record breaking effort of Barack Obama in 2007 set another bar for permitting anybody and everybody intrigued to engage in having a voice in making American social history. As Lee Corso says, one moment my companion. The specific embarrassing face depicted in Conflict Royal is being locked in today by President Obama. Certain fundamentalist individuals (many being white) are scrutinizing the very authenticity of the pioneer of the free world. Camouflaging prejudice by testing your introduction to the world endorsement, rel igion, companions, family, and instruction doesnt make the activities (that no other American President has ever confronted) any not as much as what they are㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦degrading. There is no bliss in tolerating incomplete correspondence. In the event that Dr. Martin Luther King was seeing the noticeable character punches being tossed at Barack Obama today, he would advise him to drive forward so one day he will be decided by the substance of his character and not by the shade of his skin. Presently, I see why Ralph Ellison was not sold on the key new attention to the supposed innovation creators opening the entryway of resistance in America as wide as they respected. Without a doubt, Ellisons simple genuine fiction about blacks included another measurement, another voice, maybe, to current American composition.

Is3220 Term Paper

1. Introduction The contemporary way of thinking in administration science is as of now overwhelmed by the thought of administration driven administrations (Lusch and Vargo, 2008), whereby it is accepted that the end clients are the determinant of estimation of a given assistance and co-creating a help with the end clients would improve the estimation of the administration. A fundamental suspicion made by this way of thinking is that all part of administrations, from creation to conveyance process, is the space of the specialist co-ops. In any case, the development of troublesome innovations, for example, the web, online networking, and so forth has decreased the operational hindrances, engaging the end clients to become administrations supplier themselves. This strengthening has prompted the making of what is known as client created administrations. Such administrations conceivably challenge the correlative idea of administration driven administrations. Thus, in my research project, I will analyze how client created administrations has influenced the administration dynamic between the specialist organizations and the end clients, utilizing the cell phone administration industry as a setting. Right off the bat, I would characterize what is actually is client produced administrations. At that point, I will talk about client produced benefits in the cell phone administration industry. To wrap things up, I would investigate how cell phone specialist organizations can use client created administrations, paying little heed to the administration model that the specialist co-ops receive. 2. Client created administrations 2. 1 Background Contemporary administrations are generally planned around coordination inside the extent of provider’s business process. Be that as it may, headway in data innovation has took into consideration the improvement of arrangements that encourages data trade and joint effort between people. Without breaking a sweat in data trade and coordinated effort from various sources, the end client currently has the entrance and capacity to produce client created content (UGC) that suits their necessities. In any case, thus, the ascent in client produced content age has presented the interest for progressively specific administrations and procedures that utilizes client created substance. This present an impediment for administration makers who may do not have the capacity or will to do as such. . 2 Introduction Contrary to the proposal of its name, client created administrations are the aftereffect of re-making existing assistance into more up to date type of administrations by the end clients, who may have no impact in the first administrations that included the new help. (Zhao and Laga and Crespi, 2009). Henceforth , rather than having a front stage and back stage constrained by the specialist organizations (in any case the end user’s level of interest in the co-production of the administration), end clients, not the specialist co-ops, fills in as the principle suppliers of the administrations 2. The exceptional scientific classifications of client produced administrations a) Multi-level assistance stage model As referenced, client created benefits for the most part follows the standards of administration organization, where fundamental administrations are coordinated together to frame a novel help offering. Figure 1 show the interpretation administration procedure of a composed article into Russian language and the distribution of the Russian language rendition of the article. In any case, the last item is the consequence of drawing in two autonomous administrations from two unique administrations supplier, in particular the article author and interpretation motor. In this way, client produced administration follows a multi-level administrations model that award client the adaptability to pick their go-betweens. A favorable position is that client can rebuild the last assistance item without need to intrude the upstream parties’ administration stage. Back Stage †Document article process Back Stage †Translation process Article essayist Translation Engine Front Stage †Translation Interface Front Stage †Create Article Line of Visibility Translation of Article Back Stage †Translation of article into Russian Line of Interaction Front Stage †Published Translated Article Fig 1. A case of the administration design of a client produced administration b) The nearness of a Facilitating stage In client produced administrations, the client creation process is encouraged through a stage that permits them access to important assistance empowering influences required to produce tweaked administrations. A model would be Yahoo! Channels, a stage that gives a GUI frontend to making Web-based applications that totals web takes care of, pages. (Nikolaos and Vassilios and Konstantino, 2009). The need of such a stage comes down to two reasons. Right off the bat, it empowers and guarantees interoperability between the different administrations. In this way, the client needs not stress over the similarity of the administrations parts in the administration creation process. Also, it lessens the multifaceted nature of making new administrations for the client, who may have contrasting specialized abilities, as the usage subtleties are embodied by the stage. C) End client as a definitive assistance esteem maker The principle incentive of client produced is that the end client has the last say in making the administration, rather than being administration buyers or co-maker. Correspondingly, the first specialist co-ops are diminished to a job of significant worth co-maker or providers. This game plan permits end clients to tweak the first help, consequently empowering the support of serve this gathering of end clients which in any case the first assistance would not have served 3. Client produced benefits in the cell phone administration industry For client created administrations to exist, the three after conditions must be satisfied. Right off the bat, the industry must support the age of UGC. Besides, specialist co-ops ought to permit end client access to part of their administration channel/process. In conclusion, the creation procedure of UGS ought to be natural for the end clients. With that, let us take a gander at how client created administration fits into the cell phone administration industry and some future difficulties that anticipates client produced benefits in the cell phone administration industry. a) Background of the cell phone administration industry as of late as 10 years prior, the service’s recommendation of cell phone specialist co-ops was straightforward: Providing dependable voice correspondence for its supporters. Be that as it may, portable infiltration rate is coming to approach 100% in Asia-Pacific district starting at 2010. Likewise, an investigation done by OVUM Inc anticipated that voice administrations incomes produced in the Asia-Pacific will drop to US$176 billion of every 2015, from $US182 billion of every 2009. A similar report likewise anticipated that income from portable information administrations would expanding to US$133 billion out of 2015 from $US84 million out of 2009, consequently progressively become the fundamental income driver for cell phone specialist co-op. John, 2007) Hence, cell phone specialist co-ops around the Asia-Pacific area are scrambling to reposition their administration suggestion around access to the information content and electronic administrations (E. g SMS, web substance, and web banking administrations) to exploit the feasible development in versatile information administrations incomes while capturing the impacts of the easing back development in v oice administrations incomes. In the drive to expand the level of income from information administrations, portable specialist organizations have had a go at encouraging and fusing different assistance advancements, one of them being client created administration (UGS). ) The effect of UGS on the administration elements of the cell phone administration industry The presence of User produced benefits in cell phone administration, made conceivable by the expanded combination of cell phone and Web 2. 0 innovation, are an impression of the massively well known community and person to person communication patterns starting from the web. Subsequently, USG has re-imagined the worldview of some assistance development measurements in versatile help industry I) Concept/Client Interface Traditional assistance situated assistance ideas grasp upgrading and broadening the incentive of a help through worth co-creation. For instance, administrations like transferring and sharing of cell phone made video makes it simple for client to share self-created content, in this manner situating the cell phone as a way of life item rather than a negligible specialized gadget. Be that as it may, client created administration permits end clients to characterize their own help suggestion and at last, their own assistance. For instance, travelers in Singapore could self introduce their own visit in Singapore by depending on a blend of versatile administrations, for example, Google maps, Iris, Singapore Guide, and so forth without depending on the administration gave by a visit administrator I) Delivery/Technology The customary assistance design of administration situated administrations is for the most part molded by the idea of administration creation, whereby the specialist organizations can consolidate different per-characterized administration and innovation to convey a solitary modified support of its client through its channel. A model would be Google versatile, a portable entryway which fundamentally offer a similar scope of administrations of its web partner. Be that as it may, the administration setup and conveyance is constrained to organization assets, technique and lawful issues. Encouraging UGS conquers the issue as the client currently can choose the advancements that contained the administrations and picked the method of administration conveyance, without the confinement of lawfulness, economy of scale, and so on. For instance, the iPhone Yahoo! Channels permits property operators to coordinate a characterized posting administration, for example, Craiglist portable and a mapping administration such Google guide to offer a support where client of iPhone can found a zone on the guide gave by the administration and select the zone to perceive what sort of property is recorded for deals in the territory and the area of every one of the property recorded. ) Challenge of actualizing and supporting UGS in the cell phone administration industry Despite the potential UGS can offer to the cell phone administration industry, UGS is as yet a developing incentive that despite everything faces getting teeth gives that could more slow its rising into a practical assistan ce model for the cell phone administration industry I) Difficulty in execute

Reduce Stress by Surrounding Yourself With Positive Energy

Reduce Stress by Surrounding Yourself With Positive Energy Spirituality Print Reducing Stress With Positive Energy By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on February 13, 2020 Cavan Images/Iconica/Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Spirituality Happiness Meditation Stress Management Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Negative self-talkâ€"the tendency to interpret things in the world in a pessimistic way and have a self-limiting inner voiceâ€"can create significant stress in your life, and exacerbate the stressful situations you already face. So developing more positive self-talk is an important way to reduce stress. You can help yourself maintain a positive frame of mind by surrounding yourself with positive energy in your life. Effects of Negativity Negative self-talk and negative energy can have consequences that may not be obvious and even extend to those you come in contact with. Some of the more insidious effects of negative self-talk are: Increased perception of stress: When your inner dialogue is negative, it can actually exacerbate your perception of what you face, making something that may merely be annoying feel unmanageable, or something thats semi-stressful feel like a nightmare. When the language in your inner dialogue is more negative, your experience becomes more negative too. Pessimistic thinking: When your inner voice is more negative, your whole thought process can be more negative as well. This becomes a habit and eventually colors the whole way you see the world and your place in it. Self-limitation: When you see things in a more negative way, youre less likely to seek out, or even recognize, opportunities that come across your path. This is common in those who are more pessimistic, and it can lead to less success in a variety of situations. How to Create Positive Energy To transform your self-talk and your mood from negative to positive, its important to surround yourself with positive energy, feelings, and people. You can do that with: Uplifting Music Listening to music that has a soothing melody and an uplifting message can help you develop positive self-talk. Have you ever had song lyrics stuck in your head for a few hours or days? If those lyrics are positive and inspirational, they make a much better mental soundtrack than a running stream of complaints, criticisms or self-limiting thoughts, or depressing or sad lyrics. Plus, there are other benefits to music for stress relief. Inspirational Books Books on strength, personal power, enlightenment, or self-help can be good resources to help you change your outlook and the things you say to yourself. Rather than triggering habitual self-defeating thoughts, you can find yourself thinking of new can-do concepts when times get tough. For shifting your paradigm, try Gary Zukav’s The Heart of the Soul, or Sarah Ban Breathnach’s classic Simple Abundance.  You can also read books on general or specific aspects of stress management to change your whole relationship with stress.   Positive People One of the most important ways to get (and keep) positive energy in your life is with the company you keep. Do your friends lift you up, or bring you down? Are they critical, or complimentary? Positive friendships provide support when you’re down, fun when you’re up, and wisdom when you’re lost. Good friends can inspire you to reach greater heights, and see your strengths even when you don’t. Pay attention to how your friends make you feel, and if they’re less than supportive, start putting your energy and time toward people who are better suited to be your friend. Practice Affirmations Positive affirmations can subtly but pervasively change your self-talk from negative to positive. If you see things more in terms of possibilities rather than limitationsâ€"as what can  be done rather than as what cant, and begin to focus more on solutions than on problems, and this can lower your stress levels by helping you feel more in control.   How to Use Positive Affirmations for Stress Relief The Loving-Kindness Meditation This type of meditation is not only simple to practice, but can increase your feelings of compassion, your capacity for forgiveness, and your sense of connection with others. It also can increase your self-acceptance, which can relieve stress in itself. This activity also brings general benefits of meditation, so its definitely worth doing. It involves focusing positive feelings first toward yourself, then expanding them to those you care about the most, then friends and acquaintances, then those in your community, your country, and around the world to an ever-expanding circle of people.   Reframed Thoughts If you spend time thinking about proactive things you can do to solve problems, youll feel less stressed than if you spend time in rumination, focusing on the negative feelings and past experiences.  If you find yourself focusing mostly on the negative, gently bring your mind to whats good in your life, or at least on what can be done to move past these stressful situations.   Focusing on creating a more positive inner life can help you to feel more positive energy all around you. Maintaining a gratitude journal is another effective strategy for this. You bring positive energy to yourself by reflecting on everything thats great in your life each day, and you then have a nice record to read over later when you need an emotional pick-me-up. Exactly How Your Good Mood Can Combat Stress

Animal Testing Is Wrong - 975 Words

I believe that animal testing is wrong because, the animals are treated inhumanely. Humans have no right to use animals like they are objects that can just be thrown away like they do not matter. These experiments result in extreme and torturous pain. Animals are brought into laboratories and tested on against their will. An estimate of almost twenty-six million animals is used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals are used to check the safety of product, determine how toxic medicines are, and to develop medical treatment. There are many non-animal test methods that can be used. These methods are more humane, they are also faster, and can be closer related to humans, they can also be cheaper than animal testing. â€Å"Huntingdon Life Science (HLS) kills an average of 500 animals each day for tests† (Kinship Circle). Sadly, many different species of animals have to indoor these terrible conditions and painful tests, such as, primates, ra ts, mice, dogs, and cats. In animal testing primates are treated horrible in laboratories. Primates are sensitive, intelligent, and share many important biological and psychological characteristics with human beings, unfortunately, makes them prime targets for experimenters, who treat them as if they were disposable pieces of laboratory equipment. â€Å"At the Oregon National Primate Research Center scientists fed monkeys excessive amounts of food and restricted their movement, essentially simulating theShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Is Wrong?1288 Words   |  6 Pages ANIMAL TESTING IS WRONG The words animal testing mean to perform procedures on living animals for the research of basic human biology and diseases, finding out the effectiveness of new medical products, and testing the human health and environmental safety of consumer and industry products like cosmetics, household cleaners, food additives, pharmaceuticals and industrial/agro-chemicals and means using other living organisms except humans for testing. All procedures, even those classifiedRead MoreIs Animal Testing Wrong?923 Words   |  4 PagesIs Animal Testing Wrong? It s on the internet, it s in magazines, it s even on the news. Animal testing is a major debate among both academics and everyday people. The most common animals used in testing ae mice, rats, and apes. Some people think that animal testing is obsolete in this day and age but it isn t obsolete because animal testing helps determine what chemicals are potentially harmful to humans, it helps determine what medicines are potentially safe for human use, and it helps advanceRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong1495 Words   |  6 PagesHarmful Testing on Animals is Wrong In American society, many groups and organizations are debating whether or not animal testing should be banned. Some people believe that there are reasons why animal testing should be done. Others believe that animal testing is morally wrong. Some experts believe that there are other options available. I believe that animal testing is wrong based on three observations: animal testing is unethical, pointless, and abusive. Numerous years ago, animal testing was startedRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong And Cruel Animals1195 Words   |  5 Pageshas made me realize that animal testing is wrong and cruel to animals. I will be going over some of the history of animal testing, giving examples of some of the tests that are being performed, and mentioning some of the laws and acts created. While reading through this think is this test necessary when the animals will be put through cruel procedures. This is why I think that animal testing should be reevaluated to see if it is really worthwhile. What is animal testing some people ask, and whyRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesHumans are animals, and as such it is morally wrong to use them to test pharmaceuticals intended for use by humans. Those who support animal experimentation believe it is a necessary evil, in part due to the false information put out by the media. The so-called benefits of animal testing have not helped humans for years, yet in many countries the law still requires researchers use animals to test their medications. In fact, although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put anRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesSeeing as humans are animals it is morally wrong to use animals to test human products. Due to the false information put out by the media, those who support animal believe what the media states about it being a necessary evil. The so-called benefits from animal testing have not helped humans for yea rs, but is now legally required in many countries. Although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put an end to animal experimentation. The way activists present their argument isRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesMany people have animals around the world, whether it be dogs, cats, reptiles, birds, even horses and llamas, and they all love them very much. A lot of people will do anything to ensure the comfort and safety of their companion and friend. Many people may be shocked and horrified to find that over 100 Million animals die each year due to animal testing. This essay will go into more detail about some reasons why people might find animal testing wrong, and some reasons why a lot of people see it asRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong?878 Words   |  4 Pageslot of different types of animals suffer through painful and unnecessary tests. An animal being used for scientific experiments is wrong because it is inhumane, expensive, and unpredictable. Animals in laboratories live lives of loss, pain, loneliness, and torture. Various studies have shown that animal experimentation often does not even help humans. Some even lead to harmful human reactions to the drugs being tested on animals. Yet we continue to use animal testing while other courses of actionRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing has been around since the third and fourth centuries BC, when it was performed by Greek philosopher-physicians. However, it is unknown when people began to question this process. In today’s society, the idea of testing products on animals has become more and more controversial with numerous groups being created and becoming even more vocal. While people will decide for themselves where they stand in this argument, I would hope that most would agree that animal abuse is wrong. So,Read MoreAnimal Testing is Wrong! Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPicture yourself in a testing laboratory; needles, drugs, and knives pointed in your direction with you having no idea whatà ¢â‚¬â„¢s going on around you, this is how animals everyday are treated, we have to stop this now! Millions of animals are killed in laboratories everyday with no chance to object to what the testers are about to do to them. Animals feel as much pain as humans do so why does it make it okay to test on them when they are so alike to humans? Every day people test makeup, shampoos, and

AP biology 2009 free response - 1076 Words

AP ® BIOLOGY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 3 Water is essential to all living things. (a) Discuss THREE properties of water. (b) Explain each of the following in terms of the properties of water. You are not limited to the three properties discussed in part (a): †¢ †¢ †¢ the role of water as a medium for the metabolic processes of cells the ability of water to moderate temperature within living organisms and in organisms’ environments the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of plants (a) Discuss THREE properties of water (6 points maximum): Name of property and correct description (2 points). Points MUST provide both property and description. Property Polarity of water Specific heat/high heat†¦show more content†¦The final 2 property points were earned for the description and discussion of specific heat. The response earned a final point for the discussion of the ability of water to moderate temperature: water creates an environment for stabilizing temperature in relationship to its specific heat. Sample: 3C Score: 3 The response is clearly based on the question. However, although it contains the term â€Å"polarity† and some description of it, the response is vague in terms of where the attraction takes place (between or within the water molecule). The diagrams provided to left of the description appear accurate, but without the use of labels they do not clarify the description. The response earned 1 point for providing a role of water in temperature regulation when it describes how water is used to cool the body. One point was earned for explaining that water stabilizes temperature through its ability to hold energy or heat. The response earned a final point for the description of root pressure as water moving from higher to lower in the root.  © 2009 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit the College Board on the Web:Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Homework As A Part Of Education1793 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout my schooling, I have always wondered what exactly I gained by doing my homework. In the past, when I have been given assignments that I find to be a waste of my time, I have asked my teachers why they chose to give us the assignment. In response to this question, my teachers have usually answered with things along the lines of â€Å"It will enhance your ability to better understand the subject.† (Pokorski, 2013) and â€Å"I am not given enough time to teach you, so you will have to teach yourselfRead MoreAmerican Psycho : Does Insanity Negate Responsibility?3774 Words   |  16 PagesAlex Cohen, Garrett Auer, Victoria Meyer, and Emily Sherman Mrs. Haag AP Seminar 26 January 2015 American Psycho: Does Insanity Negate Responsibility? Insanity has made a particularly notable transition into the public eye over the past century. 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Law and Order in Civil Society Free Essays

The laws that govern us in the UK are often used to describe the freedoms that we enjoy. There are no political prisoners (although follows of Julian Assange may disagree), freedom of speech is widely practiced and people can go about their business without fear of persecution. It has not always been this way in the UK, but a succession of investigations, inquiries and laws bought in since the 1980’s had bought Britain to this place. We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Order in Civil Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Robert Leach describes Law Making as â€Å"ostensibly the most important function of parliament†. (Leach, 2006, P233). Lets start by looking at the law as a whole. The law is essentially to protect its citizens. Law’s passed down by the central powers, investigated and enforced by the police and the Judiciary will determine the level of punishment if necessary. Laws don’t just ensure that people can’t commit murders, robbery or vandalism but will also cover how your employer may treat you and the obligations they have to support you as an employee. Laws will also affect how one companies do business with another and how you drive your car. Law affects us as an individual on a daily basis, not just when we have done something wrong. There are many different variations of law’s. International law will affect how nations interact with each other. National law is the law of the land, and can vary widely between states. In the United Kingdom corporal and capital punishment has been removed, but corporal punishment can still be found in some states such as Iran and capital punishment can be found in more developed nations such as the USA and India. In the UK THE National legal system is broken into three; that of England Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. National laws will fall into one of two categories again; public private. (Martin, 2007, p1) Public law will involve the government or the state, and there are three main types of public law; Constitutional Law – covering electoral or democratic issues and disputes; Administrative Law – looking at how the state is allowed to operate; Criminal Law – the application, enforcement and punishment of the individuals who break clearly stated law. (ibid, p2) Private law sees no state involvement, as the disputes are ones of a private matter. This could be an individual who felt that the new television he or she bought was not up to the standard advertised (contract law), a brother and sister trying to settle their late father’s will (family law) or a PLC’s obligations to their shareholder (company law). There are many more forms of private law and many laws laid down to regulate the state in which we live. (ibid, p3) As we can see, the laws in this country cover many different areas and many different groups. The laws are there to protect the people. Without laws, there would be anarchy. In the early 19th Century an man called John Austin defined law as being a command issued from a superior (the State), to an inferior (the individual) and enforced by sanctions. Some would consider this an inaccurate description as the law (and the State) can be challenged in the 21st Century. (ibid, p9) The Police are the front line force of law enforcement. They are responsible for investigating crimes, gathering evidence and deciding whether to charge a suspect. They play a wide and important role in the overall application of the law. The Police hove powers over suspected criminals that can be used to assist the conviction of the guilty. However, the police have been criticised for abusing their powers, occasionally leading to serious miscarriages of justice as the well know cases of the Guildford 4 and the Birmingham 6 demonstrated, and it was incidents such as these that led to the introduction of PACE. (Elliott, 2010, p384). The Police and Criminal Evidence act 1984 (PACE) was introduced to modernise the power of policed in the UK as a result of an inquiry led by the Royal Commission on Common Procedure (RCCP). PACE provides the code of practice that police forces have to abide by. Failure to comply with PACE can lead to misconduct charges against a police officer. As PACE is a code of practice rather then an Act of Parliament it can be easily amended if necessary. (Malcolm, 2007, p154) The codes cover several areas; Code A deals stop and search powers, Code B gives powers to search premises and seize property, Code C deals with detention treatment and suspect questioning, Code D relates to identification procedures, Code E deals with tape-recording suspect interviews, Code F guides on visual recording with sound interviews, Code G on arrest powers and Code H terrorism suspects under the Terrorism Act (2000). (Martin, 2007, p149). PACE affects every police officer in the country, but police forces in the UK are traditionally run as local police forces. The theory behind having a more decentralised approach was to create links to the community being policed and reduce the risk of Police oppression. A more centralised approach was taken with the Police Magistrates’ Courts Act (1994) which allowed the Home Secretary to set objectives for all UK police authorities. The power increased further with the Police Reform Act (2002) and the Home Secretary will now produce an annual National Policing Plan which will set strategic policing policies for Police Forces in England and Wales. (Elliott, 2010, p382) The Bichard inquiry into the murders of Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman in 2002 was heavily critical of the Humberside police (ibid, p382). Published in June 2004 the inquiry noted that the failings of the Humberside Police were ‘systemic and corporate’ (Bichard, 2004, p7). Despite the effects of this report, the Chief Constable of Humberside Police refused to resign. The Home Secretary suspended the Police chief, who challenged the legality of this action. The matter went to court where the Home Secretary’s right was upheld. Since the inquiry the Police and Justice Act (2006) has increased the powers of the Home Secretary over the Police. (Elliott, 2010, p382) It is not just the Home Secretary that has powers over the police, but ordinary citizens as well. Should they wish to make a complaint to a police authority then this must be recorded by that police authority. The police must ‘obtain and/or preserve evidence’ which is relevant to the complaint. Minor complaints can be dealt with by an acknowledgement of the error and a formal apology. If the complaint is upheld for a serious matter then senior figures form the police force will investigate and take any appropriate disciplinary action. If the complaint relates to a senior officer, the matter will be investigated by a separate police force. (Martin, 2007, p165) The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) exists to supervise the complaints procedure against police officers and staff and will set out and enforce the standards which must be followed. The IPCC also has powers to investigate any serious issues they may discover or that are bought to it’s attention (Martin, 2007, p166). This was the case with John Charles De Menezes when his family made a formal complaint in 2005 (IPCC website – accesses 29/12/2010). The IPCC is designed to protect the people form those whose role is to protect the people. Acts such as PACE exist to give clear guidelines as to what a police officer can and can’t do, yet there is an inevitable clash with Civil Rights issues In order investigate criminal suspects and criminal activity effectively the Police will need to have powers to stop and search individuals, to enter a person’s house and make arrests if they suspect an individual is guilty of a crime. The power to interview and interrogate suspects and hold them in detention if necessary is a vital part of the investigative process. These are indisputable facts, and the power the police have over the individual is great. So what of civil rights? Anyone who is suspected of a crime should be safe in the knowledge that they will not be tortured, beaten or have a false confessions taken from them. (Davies, 2007, p153). In light of events in recent years police may need to prove that a suspect has not been chosen as a suspect because of their race or ethnicity. The BBC documentary â€Å"the Secret Policeman† first aired in October 2003. Film-maker Mark Daley went undercover in a police training camp to find out if the police was an institutionally racist organisation. Despite the reporter finding that this was not the case, there were several instances of clearly racist and bigoted behaviour which was described by the chairman of the Commission for Racial Equality as â€Å"truly shocking†. (BBC Website – accessed 29/12/10) Following the documentary ten police officers involved resigned and twelve more were disciplined and three police trainers were removed following a Police Complaints Authority (PCA) investigation, in agreement with the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC). The Campaign for Racial Equality launched a formal inquiry and made 125 recommendations for change. (BBC Website – accessed 29/12/10) A topical issue of recent times concerns the policing of demonstrations. On 01 April 2009 Ian Tomlinson was assaulted at the G20 demonstrations in London. Although not a participant of the demonstrations, the Mr Tomlinson was in the area at the time of the protest. Later that day he seemingly died of a heart attack. A short while later, The Guardian released footage showing Mr Tomlinson being violently pushed to the ground by a policeman shortly before he died. A second autopsy alleged that Mr Tomlinson had died of internal injuries. (Elliott, 2010, p416). Allegations of Mr Tomlinson being beaten by police prior to the footage of him being forced to the ground by an officer continue, and a full inquiry will begin on 28th March 2011 (www.iantomlinsonfamilycampaign.org.uk – accessed 05/01/11). The debate between police powers and civil rights will continue over the next few years from 2011. The outcome of miscarriages of justice such as the Guildford 4 and the Birmingham 6 led to the introduction of PACE. The Secret Policeman documentary sprung from the MacPherson report into the murder of Stephen Lawrence which called the police â€Å"institutionally racist†. The death of Ian Tomlinson, as well as the recent clashes between police and demonstrators over university tuition fee’s in November and December 2010 and the Police’s use of the ‘Kettling’ technique, has called into question the policing of demonstrations. With more demonstrations planned for 2011 as well as the results inquiry into the death of Ian Tomlinson, police power and accountability will debated again. The simple truth is that police officers need the rational-legal authority to investigate and prevent criminal action. Without it they could not effectively enforce the law. None the less, civil liberties that many people have fought and died must be protected. Malcolm Davies is right when he says that â€Å"legislation on police powers must balance conflicting needs of crime prevention and due process† (Davies, 2007, p153). How to cite Law and Order in Civil Society, Essays

The Total Quality Management

Question: Describe about the Quality Management. Answer: Introduction Quality refers to the attributes which differentiates between the superiority and the inferiority o0f the product and the service. The business need to give emphasize on the quality for their brand as first priority than the quantity. The total Quality Management is the process through which customers gets long time support in terms of the customer satisfaction and the loyalty. The globalization enables the customers to get quality products. The urge for the development of loyalty has become more important. The globalization influences the current workplace to demand for more quality products in terms of durability, reliability, usage, etc (Goetsch and Davis 2014). The Total Quality Management ensures to provide improved quality of their product and the services through continuous feedback and the research. The Total Quality Management is the joint effort of the management, staff and the suppliers to produce quality products and achieve customer satisfaction. The total quality phase is divided into four phase. The first phase contributes the planning phase. It ensures all the queries and the problems that an employee comes up with and that need to address. The second Phase is the doing phase. It ensures employees implement a strategy to overcome with the problems. The third is the checking phase where people comparison of the data to confirm effectiveness. Another phase is acting phase, it ensures the employees document the results and prepare to address other problem (Oakland 2014). There are significant difference in the adoption and the approach of the implementation. However, they share a basic concept, which is the foundation of the TQM. Continuous Improvement of quality is the fundamental of all the TQM is to establish improved quality products for the organization. The result of the quality improvement would ensure better quality product. The main aim of the organization should lay in the employ efficient employees so that they could serve customers in effective an efficient way (Talib 2013). Central focus on customers ensures work process of a product account 80-090 percent for the quality for the product and the productivity of the employee. Management is responsible for operating the systems within an organization. TQM measures work quantitatively; it ensures the breakdowns and the unnecessary complexities in the process. It finds the applicable solution for it. They also enable to make solution for the prevention of the problem in future (Griffin 2013). Open work environment is quality of the product and the service can increase with innovations of the plan by the mangers and the supervisors. They need to open for the disagreement, conflict and the challenges so to ensure a proper compact plan for the environment (Weckenmann et al. 2015). Long-Term thinking in TQM helps in the long term for initiation a solution in the future through measuring the current situations. The problems can be measured through the availability of soft copy and hard copy of the data. It is a time taken process. It is best suitable for the process where mangers need to plan and take the consequences for their decisions (Gimenez-Espin et al. 2013). Development of Human Resource ensures to make the employees well trained and know the ways to work better. Human resource development needs to include the training to learn the communication, participations and the quantitative skills. It needs to provide extensive training for the development for it (Drori et al. 2013). Mangers responsibility is to provide the new culture with the quality improvement. They need to understand the problem and take steps to solve those problems. The mangers focus in the policy structure and the system for the improvement of the quality (Benavides-Velasco et al. 2014). Globalization ensures the organization to implement changes related to quality in the workplace. Many challenges are associated with the implementation of the TQM in the organizational level in terms of structure, practice and the philosophies. According to Cummings and Worley 2014, the four organizational systems that need to are influenced for the implementation of the TQM. It would include the motivation to the front employees through a motivational structure. The second is the reconciling the stance of TQM through the rewards which should not be contingent on performance. Third is the standardized practice of the front line operators through their learning orientation. The forth one is the empowerment of the organizational members with full contributors. The first factors influence the organizational factors in TQM is top management commitment. It needs to adhere on the commitment of the program success. The productive becomes much higher with the high commitment comparing to low commitment. The changes in the productive come globally through the active participation and commitment comes from the headquarters. The second comes is the leadership. It ensures that the vision of the leaders is important for the improvement of the TQM. It helps to ensure better production of services and curtail the future threats attached with it (Bon and Mustafa 2013). Transactional leadership ensures the clarification in the goals and the ways through which the outcome can come from the goals. It implies an implicit tendency for achieving short-term goals which result to be support to TQM. While, transformational leadership refers to communicate on the vision through emphasizing the customer service and enables continuous improvement. It would be effec tive in influencing its followers support the values of the TQM and to sustain with enthusiasm. The forth comes is the Competency up gradation. It includes the training and the development in relation with technology and the improvement of the quality. The next comes is the job design which provides opportunities in the field of the self-sufficiency, self-regulation and identification of the problem. Again the cognitive framing enables the efficiency of the implementation of TQM by the top management. It ensures implementation of the TQM with the difficulty associated with the identity of the organization. The organizational agenda in the organizational factor influence the intervention through the agenda and its matter (Slack et al. 2013). The success of the organization lies in top produce quality product and the services for their customers. The main approach of the Quality Management is to produce the quality product. It deals with the two broad specification of the industry specific QM and the non- industry specific QM. The basic Difference in the QM is the differences of approaches between the Six Sigma and the TQM concentrates on the quality in the conformance of the internal requirement. While the Six Sigma focus on improvement in the reducing the number of defects of the organization. However, the result would be same for the approach of Six Sigma helps to reduce the operational cost through the focus of the reduction of the defect (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). Along with that, it concentrates on the reduction of the time and saves cost. Six Sigma, initiates in the success of the organization through its approach in reducing the conventional cost though it can reduce the value and the quality of the product. The organization gets benefitted as it focuses on the identification and eliminates the cost which does not provide value to the customers and incur in waste. On the other hand the approach of TQM in the QM is improving the operations of the organizations. The Six Sigma concentrates only on improvement in the single process of business. The adoption of the Six Sigma requires by the skilled and professional expertise (Evans and Lindsay 2014). On the other hand the approach of the TQM can be handled by the new mangers. The approaches of both the quality management ensures to provide best customer experience in the organization. Many tools and techniques in Six Sigma are similar with that if the approach of the TQM. Though, their application is distinct as Six Sigma approaches on targeted project and in appropriate time. TQM consists of wide range of tools and techniques for its every application and knowledge practice. The tools are techniques are best to use in each and every application. According to Rigby and Bilodeau 2015, the first tool, which comes, is the process map. There are different approaches for process map. They key is the determination of the each step of the process. The next tools are the Poke-A-Yoke. The concept is the Japanese management philosophy. The main idea is to design the process through self-checking and incorporates steps into in it. The example of such tool is color-coding and the parts of special keying which are assembled in the correct manner. Another important tool of TQM is the Statistical tools. The use of the tool can initiate correct decisions regarding the cause of the problem. It includes the statistical process control chars, histograms and the Pareto Charts. Another important tool is the Force Field Analysis. It ask one to diagram the force related to polit ics, culture, etc and then implement desired changes according to it. Another important tool is the Root cause analysis of Japanese popularized tool. The main objective o the tool is to determine the reason behind the production of defective products. Again, another tool is the brainstorming, which aims to indulge the participants in suggesting solution without the evaluation of the usefulness and correctness of the ideas. The tool for the Tree Diagram is another important approach. It enables to increase the details that need to achieve the goals and the sub related sun goals. The technique of benchmarking in TQM is the self-improvement tool. It initiates to compare and identify the strength and the weakness attached with it. Another technique used to evaluate the TQM is the Departmental Purpose Analysis. It enables the application to achieve the goals and contributes the strategy of the company. Design of Experiment is another important technique in the system or the process. It enables top create a number of structured test where planned changes are made to input the variables. Failure Mode Effect Analysis is the systematic and the positive effect used to evaluate the impact of the different failures. The technique of Quality Function Deployment is designed to use the consciousness of the customers requirements incorporating the functional groups (Kehoe 2012). The tools and techniques are the most important component for improving the process, through there are some companies who have not got benefited from the use of the tools and techniques. The solution gets useful in the higher managerial commitments. Mangers can encourage employees for the use of the tools and the technique benefiting the whole organization (Rigby and Bilodeau 2015). The western countries approach for the development of the Total Quality Management is great especially for US and the Europe. Henry Ford I and the Bill gates are the known for their contribution of innovation in quality management. The scientist of the West like Fredrick, Henry Fayol and Max Weber has made a major contribution. The Phillip Crosby, Tom Peter and the Claus Miller mainly contribute the development of the Quality Management. Crosby initiates the concepts of Zero Defects, which means that quality is free. According to Peter, a successful company uses seven variables Strategy, System, Structure, Skills, style, Staff and he shared values (Total Quality Management 2016). The eastern country like Japan contribution makes remarkable effect in the Quality Management. The culture, psychology and the mentality reflects the quality management system used by the country. The Japanese Models enables Japan to restore their productivity after the World War II. After which they became the leader in terms of development of the technological products. Major contributors in the QM are the Karoru Ishikawa, Shigeo Shingo and the Genichi Taguchi. Shiegeo Shingo is well known for its development of the production system Just in Time. Kaoru Ishika is known for its adoption of the American management in the Japanese application. While, Genichi Taguchi has initiates the importance of quality management in terms of stage of the product design (Total Quality Management 2016). Conclusion Globalization has made the essential for the development of the quality of the products and the service of the country. The Total Quality Management in the organization ensures to check on the quality of the products. It on the other hand helps to initiate maximum customer satisfaction. The Total Quality management can be used with the use of various tools and the technique. The countries of the east and the west adopt a measure for their development of the quality products through emerging various plans and policies. Reference list: Benavides-Velasco, C.A., Quintana-Garca, C. and Marchante-Lara, M., 2014. Total quality management, corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, pp.77-87. Bon, A.T. and Mustafa, E.M., 2013. Impact of total quality management on innovation in service organizations: Literature review and new conceptual framework.Procedia Engineering,53, pp.516-529. Cummings, T. and Worley, C., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Drori, G.S., Hllerer, M.A. and Walgenbach, P. eds., 2013.Global themes and local variations in organization and management: perspectives on glocalization. Routledge. Evans, J. and Lindsay, W., 2014.An introduction to Six Sigma and process improvement. Cengage Learning. Gimenez-Espin, J.A., Jimnez-Jimnez, D. and Martnez-Costa, M., 2013. Organizational culture for total quality management.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,24(5-6), pp.678-692. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Griffin, R., 2013.Fundamentals of management. Cengage Learning. Kehoe, D., 2012.The Fundamentals of quality management. Springer Science Business Media. Oakland, J.S., 2014.Total quality management and operational excellence: text with cases. Routledge. Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). McGraw-Hill Education. Rigby, D. and Bilodeau, B., 2015. Management Tools Trends 2015.London, Bain Company. Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R., 2013. Operations management. Talib, F., 2013. An overview of total quality management: understanding the fundamentals in service organization.International journal of advanced quality management,1(1), pp.pp-1.